The primary goal of this book was to create a concise text on current radiologic imaging for medical students and residents not specializing in radiology. After the first two introductory chapters, subsequent chapters employ an organ-system approach. Imaging techniques pertinent to the organ system, including their appropriate indications and use, are presented. Question-oriented exercises highlight the most commonly encountered diseases for each organ system. The first chapter describes the various diagnostic imaging techniques that are available: conventional radiography, nuclear medicine, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In recent years, many new techniques, such as CT angiography, CT colonography, MR angiography, MR cholangiopancreatography, and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT have emerged with new generations of CT and MR equipment. The second chapter gives an overview of the physics of radiation and its related biological effects, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. The remaining chapters focus on the individual organ systems of the heart, lungs, breast, bones, joints, abdomen, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary system, pancreas, brain, and spine. The chapters have a similar format to provide a consistent presentation. Each chapter briefly describes recent developments in the radiologic imaging of these organ systems. This is followed by a description of the normal anatomy and a discussion of the most appropriate and rational imaging techniques for evaluating each organ system. Each chapter stresses the proper selection of each imaging examination based on clinical presentation, need for patient preparation, and potential conflicts between techniques. Finally, all chapters end with questions and imaging exercises to enhance and reinforce the principles of each chapter. All exercises include numerous images and specific questions focusing on common diseases or symptoms. One question per case is used in all exercises, and the case and question numbers are matched for clarity. A short list of suggested readings and general references is included at the end of each chapter. We hope that this book will help medical students and residents not specializing in radiology to better comprehend the basics of each imaging technique. Ideally, this book will also aid them in selecting and requesting the most appropriate imaging modality for each patient's presenting symptoms. Our further hope is that the interactive exercises presented will familiarize readers with the more common diseases that current radiologic imaging can best evaluate. We wish to thank Allen D. Elster, MD, Director of the Division of Radiologic Sciences and Professor and Chairman of the Department of Radiology of the Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and C. Douglas Maynard,MD, now retired former Director of Division of Radiologic Sciences and Professor and Chairman of the Department of Radiology of the Wake Forest University School of Medicine, who have provided us with the supportive environment needed to complete this endeavor. This book would not have been possible without the able support of Michael Weitz, Karen Edmonson, Laura Libretti, and their fine associates at Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill.

Statistical methods for survival data analysis have continued to flourish in the last two decades. Applications of the methods have been widened from their historical use in cancer and reliability research to business, criminology, epidemiology, and social and behavioral sciences. The third edition of Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis is intended to provide a comprehensive introduction of the most commonly used methods for analyzing survival data. It begins with basic definitions and interpretations of survival functions. From there, the reader is guided through methods, parametric and nonparametric, for estimating and comparing these functions and the search for a theoretical distribution (or model) to fit the data. Parametric and nonparametric approaches to the identification of prognostic factors that are related to survival are then discussed. Finally, regression methods, primarily linear logistic regression models, to identify risk factors for dichotomous and polychotomous outcomes are introduced. The third edition continues to be application-oriented, with a minimum level of mathematics. In a few chapters, some knowledge of calculus and matrix algebra is needed. The few sections that introduce the general mathematical structure for the methods can be skipped without loss of continuity. A large number of practical examples are given to assist the reader in understanding the methods and applications and in interpreting the results. Readers with only college algebra should find the book readable and understandable.

This book is about qualitative research and how to do it. It documents the practice of qualitative research, both for those who are embarking on studies for the first time and for those who want to gain further understanding of its methodological principles. It is intended for those working in applied policy fields as well as those concerned with the development of social theory more generally The book has been written by a team of practising researchers from the current and past staff of the Qualitative Research Unit at the National Centre for Social Research. The National Centre is an independent social research institute which is dedicated to research for the development and evaluation of public policy. The Qualitative Research Unit specialises in the conduct of in-depth research, primarily involving individual interviews and focus groups, for explanatory, evaluative or strategic purposes. The authors who have contributed to the book have drawn on experience of designing, conducting, analysing and reporting on qualitative studies as a central part of their everyday work. The methods described have been developed over several decades. They have been refined and enhanced in response to an ever widening repertoire of applications. There is particular emphasis on data generated through in-depth interviews and focus groups, two data collection methods widely used in more applied qualitative inquiry. This focus means that less attention is given to the study of naturally occurring data, such as observation, documentary analysis, discourse and conversation analysis, although the origins and uses of these methods are discussed. There are also a number of excellent texts on the use and conduct of such methods and key references to these are given throughout the chapters. It should also be noted that many of the principles described in relation to working with interviews and focus groups have relevance for the full repertoire of qualitative methods. There are many forms of qualitative research, each shaped by different epistemological origins, philosophies about the nature of scientific inquiry and its outcomes and varying prescriptions for methodological rigour. A brief overview of these is given in Chapter 1 by way of a context to the subsequent chapters. This review also helps to locate our particular approach to qualitative research which is based on three central tenets.

For many readers of this book one of the main reasons for using it will be to enable you to undertake a research project of your own, perhaps for the fi rst time. With this in mind, I have included boxed features entitled ‘Student experience’, which are based on the experiences of undergraduate and postgraduate social science students who have done a research project, usually as part of their fi nal year dissertation. The aim of these boxes is to provide insight and advice based on the experiences of real students in their own words, or in other words, to ‘tell it like it is’, as Nichols and Beynon (1977) have put it. This feature is based on a set of questionnaires completed by undergraduate and postgraduate students from a variety of different UK university social science departments. The main point of this feature is to provide you with insights into the experiences of student researchers.

adult refusing to leave home. However, as it rapidly approaches its 30th birthday the time has now come for this invaluable reference tool to enter a new chapter in its life and move forward, following a substantial update and revision, under new guardianship. While the format and approach remains the same, all sections have been revised, with the addition of a newly created chapter dedicated solely to implant dentistry, an ever- expanding field with increasing numbers of general dental practitioners now routinely providing this service. With new images, tables, and resources, the text has been brought into line with current evidence and guidelines (at the time of publication), allowing it to serve as an aide- memoire, revision guide, and reference text for dentists and dental students worldwide. As with all editions of the handbook we are very much indebted to the numerous contributors whose knowledge and expertise over the years have helped to make this book what it is today. However, as with any academic reference book, we would encourage readers to amend or add to the text in response to new evidence, clinical experience, and errors or omissions. Finally we are hugely grateful to the parents of the book, David and Laura Mitchell, who created, nurtured, and developed the text through six editions into an incredible resource to be used by many generations of dentists over its lifetime. Their encouragement and support has been invaluable as we have endeavoured to make the seventh edition of the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry the most comprehensive and relevant version to date.

It is a privilege and an honor to have an opportunity to bring out Handbook of Instruments in Dentistry for the undergraduates, postgraduates and clinicians. During and after the BDS course, students and clinicians are using various dental instruments that are part of preclinical and clinical practices. It has been my observation that preclinical and clinical students find it difficult to remember the name, identification, application, and technique to use instruments in various fields of dentistry. Handbook of Instruments in Dentistry has seven chapters for the ease of handling and understanding.

Fundamentals of Periodontal Instrumentation & Advanced Root Instrumentation, Eighth Edition is an instructional guide to periodontal instrumentation that takes students rom the basic skills—patient positioning, intraoral f nger rests, and basic instrumentation—all the way to advanced techniques—assessment o periodontal patients and instrumentation o the root branches o multirooted teeth, root concavities, and urcation areas. The oremost instructional goal o Fundamentals is to make it easy or students to learn and aculty to teach instrumentation. The eighth edition retains the eatures that have made it the market-leading textbook on periodontal instrumentation and adds new eatures and content organization designed to acilitate learning and teaching.